A pleuroscopy is a medical examination that allows your doctor to visualise the space between your lung and the chest wall, called the pleural cavity. The pleural cavity allows the best performance of the lungs during breathing. An instrument called a pleuroscope, a thin tube with a camera attachment, is inserted through the chest wall. The procedure does not usually need general anaesthesia, but with conscious sedation (medication that makes you sleepy and relaxed). Sometimes an ultrasound may be used to find the most suitable point for the pleuroscope entry.