Subdural Haematoma - Diagnosis & Treatment

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How is a subdural haematoma diagnosed?

Diagnosing a subdural haematoma involves several steps:

Physical Examination. Neurological assessment to identify signs of brain injury.
Imaging Tests
- CT Scan (Computed Tomography). Quickly identifies bleeding and the extent of the haematoma.
- MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging). Provides detailed images of brain tissue and blood vessels.
Blood Tests. To check for clotting disorders and other potential causes.

How is a subdural haematoma treated?

Treatment for a subdural haematoma depends on the severity and underlying cause:

Observation. Small, asymptomatic haematomas may be monitored with regular imaging and neurological assessments.
Medications. To manage symptoms such as headaches and seizures. In some countries, steroids are given.
Surgery
- Burr Hole Drainage. A small hole is drilled in the skull to drain the accumulated blood. Sometimes, more than one burr-hole is required, especially if the haematoma is on both sides of the brain.
- Craniotomy. A larger section of the skull is removed to access and remove or drain out the haematoma.
Rehabilitation. Physical, occupational, and speech therapy to recover lost functions and improve quality of life.

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