Scoliosis occurs when the spine curves from side to side. Usually in an ‘S’ shape, the spine may also be rotated. The condition can be mild, moderate or severe.
The main types of scoliosis are:
- Congenital scoliosis – congenital birth defects in the spine and is often associated with other organ defects
- Degenerative scoliosis – degeneration of the discs that separate the vertebrae (small bones that form the backbone) or arthritis in the joints that link them. This occurs later in life
- Neuromuscular scoliosis – loss of control of the nerves or muscles that support the spine and is commonly due to cerebral palsy or muscular dystrophy
- Scoliosis of unknown cause (idiopathic) – one of the most common forms of scoliosis, which usually occurs during childhood or adolescence