Paediatric surgery is a subspecialty of general surgery that involves surgical procedures carried out on fetuses, infants, children and adolescents. Subspecialisation within paediatric surgery include fetal surgery (performed on a fetus in the womb), neonatal surgery (performed on newborns), cardiothoracic (heart) surgery, neurology surgery (brain and nerves), urology surgery (urinary tract) and nephrology surgery (kidneys).
Paediatric surgeons use minimally invasive, laparoscopic procedures to treat conditions that need surgical involvement. General paediatric surgery needs multi-disciplinary participation from paediatric gastroenterologists (digestive system specialists), paediatric respiratory (breathing specialists) physicians, paediatric endocrinologists (hormone specialists), dietitians and speech therapists.